Nebraska history

Nebraska Cattle Country: The Sandhills, the Ranches & the Great Plains Beef Trade

Grass made Nebraska rich — the cattle that grazed the Sandhills and rode the rails to market.

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The Sandhills and the open range

The grass-covered Sandhills of central and western Nebraska proved poor for the plow but superb for cattle, and great ranches — like the Kinkaid-era spreads and the sprawling operations around Ogallala — built a ranching culture that endures.

Ogallala and the cattle trails

Ogallala became the northern end of the Texas cattle trails, the “Gomorrah of the Plains,” where herds were sold and shipped east on the Union Pacific.

The Omaha stockyards

South Omaha’s stockyards and packing houses grew into the largest livestock market in the world by the mid-twentieth century, turning the state’s cattle and hogs into a national trade and drawing immigrant labor by the thousand.

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Frequently asked questions

What are the Nebraska Sandhills?

A vast region of grass-stabilized sand dunes in central and western Nebraska — poor for farming but excellent cattle range, the heart of the state’s ranching country.

Was Omaha a major stockyard?

Yes — the South Omaha stockyards grew into the largest livestock market in the world by the mid-twentieth century.